CCTV Network / IP Cameras  (4,381)

High quality imaging with 4 MP resolution Efficient H.265+ compression technology Clear imaging against strong backlight due to 130 dB WDR technology Focus on human and vehicle targets classification based on deep learning 24/7 colorful imaging Water and dust resistant (IP67)

High quality imaging with 8 MP resolution Motorized varifocal lens for easy installation and monitoring Excellent low-light performance via powered-by-DarkFighter technology Efficient H.265+ compression technology Clear imaging against strong back light due to 120 dB true WDR technology Focus on human and vehicle targets classification based on deep learning Audio and alarm interface available Water and dust resistant (IP66) and vandal proof (IK10)

HD1080P Video Up to 10m IR  PIR DWDR/3D DNR/BLC   Support On-board Storage, up to 128GB Built-in Wi-Fi optional

This amazing and intelligent solution has enriched Smart features, and consists of many innovative, industry-leading IP products. The Smart Solution 2.0 solution is also the ideal choice for various vertical applications. Enriched smart features Smart IP Solution 2.0 includes Smart features such as object counting, region entering, region leaving, object removing, object leaving, target cropping stream and ANPR (customisation required). Industry-leading IP products New Hikvision IP cameras have been incorporated into this solution, including the DarkFighter series, LightFighter series, 6MP Ultra HD series, 4K series, and new 3MP WDR series, with industry-leading product performance. Versatile solutions Smart IPC and Smart NVRs with Smart features are the perfect solution for small and mid-sized applications. For mid-sized to large-sized applications, iVMS-5200 Professional software further improves the system's effectiveness with Smart features and analytics. Tailored to vertical applications As an all-in-one Smart platform to manage cameras, NVRs, alarms, access control and decoders, the Smart Solution 2.0 is loaded, with Smart features and analytics such as people counting, heating mapping, LPR, and more. This makes it highly adaptable to verticals’ special requirements and can be used in retail, banking, hotel and industrial applications, among others.

High quality imaging with 2 MP resolution Excellent low-light performance with powered-by-DarkFighter technology Clear imaging against strong back light due to 120 dB true WDR technology Efficient H.265+ compression technology False alarm reduction through human and vehicle target classification based on deep learning -U: built-in microphone for real-time auto security Water and dust resistant (IP67) 3D DNR technology delivers clean and sharp images

2MP, 1/2.7” CMOS image sensor, low illuminance, high image definition Outputs max. 2MP (1920 × 1080) @25/30 fps H.265 codec, high compression rate, ultra-low bit rate Max. IR distance: 10 m Rotation mode, WDR, 3D DNR, HLC, BLC, digital watermarking, applicable to various monitoring scenes H.264/H.265, flexible coding, applicable to various bandwidth and storage environments Alarm: 1 in, 1 out; built-in Mic and speaker Supports 256 G Micro SD card 12V DC power supply, easy for installation Supports PIR Supports Wi-Fi

High quality imaging with 4 MP resolution Excellent low-light performance with powered-by-DarkFighter technology Clear imaging against strong backlight due to 120 dB true WDR technology Efficient H.265+ compression technology Focus on human and vehicle targets classification based on deep learning Active strobe light and audio alarm to warn intruders off Provides real-time security via built-in two-way audio Water and dust resistant (IP67)

Hikvision DS-2CD8255F-EI(Z) is a 2MP IR bullet IP camera with full HD1080p real-time video. It features super low-light and 3D digital noise reduction. It also features user authentication and watermark for security.

1/3” Progressive Scan CMOS Dual lens, dual CPU, support stereo views 2 mm/2.8 mm/4 mm lens, optional Max. resolution 640 × 960 H.264 Flash memory storing people counting data

256 × 192 resolution, 12 μm, VOx UFPA, NETD < 40 mK (25°C, F1.0) Video content analysis: vehicle/human classification Temperature exception alarm for fire prevention, -20°C to 550°C (-4°F to 1,022°F), Max (± 2°C, ± 2%) Smoke detection Algorithm Image processing technology: linear, histogram, self-adaptive thermal AGC mode, DDE, 3D DNR High quality detector with 10 years guarantee

Launched by Dahua Technology, WizSense is a series of AI products and solutions that adopt independent AI chip and deep learning algorithm. It focuses on human and vehicle with high accuracy, enabling users to fast act on defined targets. Based on Dahua's advanced technologies, WizSense provides intelligent, simple and inclusive products and solutions. System Overview The Three-in-One Camera (TiOC) solution combines 24/7 monitoring, active deterrence and real-time alarms with artificial intelligence into one smart, innovative solution. TiOC PTZ cameras adopt auto-tracking 3.0 technology, greatly improving the monitoring scope of key targets. For distributors and installers, it not only saves time, but also reduces cost. Functions Starlight TechnologyWith advanced image processing technology and optical technology, Dahua Starlight technology can provide clear colorful video in the environment of low illuminance. It widely applies to various environments of low illuminance. Smart H.265+ & Smart H.264+With advanced scene-adaptive rate control algorithm, Dahua smart encoding technology realizes the higher encoding efficiency than H.265 and H.264, provides high-quality video, and reduces the cost of storage and ransmission. Perimeter ProtectionAutomatically filters out false alarms caused by animals, rustling leaves, bright lights, and more, and uses secondary recognition during target detection to improve alarm accuracy.  Face DetectionDahua Face Detection technology can detect the face in the image. With deep learning algorithm, the technology supports detecting, tracking, capturing and selecting the best face image, and then outputs face snapshot.  Protection (IP66, TVS 6000 V)IP66, TVS 6000 V lightning proof, surge protection, and voltage transient protection. Auto TrackingThis feature controls the pan, tilt and zoom actions of the camera to automatically track an object in motion, to keep it in view of the camera. Tracking can be triggered manually or automatically by defined rules. Once a rule is triggered, the camera can zoom in and track the defined target automatically. SMD 4.0Dahua Smart Motion Detection technology works with intelligent algorithms to classify targets that trigger motion detection alarms. It filters out objects that are not targets, such as small and large animals, to avoid triggering false alarms. With an AI NVR, Quick Pick technology becomes available, allowing you to easily search for and pick out human and vehicle targets from SMD event videos, prioritizing the highest matches. 

5MP, 1/2.7" CMOS image sensor, low illuminance, high image definition Outputs max. 5MP (2592 × 1944) @20 fps; 2MP(1920 × 1080) @60 fps Built-in IR LED, max. IR distance: 40 m ROI, SMART H.264+/H.265+, flexible coding, applicable to various bandwidth and storage environments Rotation mode, WDR, 3D DNR, HLC, BLC, digital watermarking, applicable to various monitoring scenes Intelligent detection: Intrusion, tripwire, fast moving (the three functions support the classification and accurate detection of vehicle and human), abandoned object, missing object, loitering detection, people gathering, parking detection, heat map, face detection, face attributes and people counting Supports max. 256 G Micro SD card, built-in Mic 12V DC/PoE power supply, ePoE network transmission over long distance, easy for installation IP67 protection

High quality imaging with 4 MP resolution Excellent low-light performance with powered-by-DarkFighter technology Clear imaging against strong backlight due to 120 dB true WDR technology Efficient H.265+ compression technology Focus on human and vehicle targets classification based on deep learning Active strobe light and audio alarm to warn intruders off Provides real-time security via built-in two-way audio Water and dust resistant (IP66) and vandal resistant (IK10)

High quality imaging with 2 MP resolution Clear imaging against strong backlight due to 120 dB WDR technology Efficient H.265+ compression technology Water and dust resistant (IP67) and vandal resistant (IK10)

Integrated solar monitoring system (without lithium battery), all in one desion, using 4G to transfer monitoring data and solar to power, which is easy/quick to install and can save wiring to the greatest extent, includes three parts: 4G network camera, integrated solar power system and camera's mounting bracket, which is more convenient for sale, order and transportation. The integrated solar power system, integrating solar panels, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) charging controller and mounting brackets, provides stable power supply for the front-end data acquisition system—4G network camera through high conversion charging device. It is compact, portable, easy to install, disassemble and maintain compared with conventional system. Designed with Starlight technology and 1/2.8"" CMOS, the camera delivers high-quality monitoring images even in environments with low lighting, and provides back-end applications with round the clock, state-of-the-art data services. It supports a variety of AI functions for improved detection accuracy through its built-in neural network processor and is compatible with solar power supplies, meeting the heavy demands of long working hours. The camera features behavior detection such as tripwire and intrusion, and multiple types of alarm linkage actions such as white light warning, audio playing and target tracking. To facilitate monitoring and analysis, it also features target filtering, face detection, and foreign object detection, and supports 4G network transmission and waking up from sleep mode.

High quality imaging with 6 MP resolution Efficient H.265+ compression technology Clear imaging against strong backlight due to 120 dB WDR technology  Focusing on human and vehicle classification based on deep learning  -U: Built-in microphone for real-time audio security  Water and dust resistant (IP67)

High quality imaging with 8 MP resolution Efficient H.265+ compression technology Clear imaging against strong back light due to 130 dB WDR technology Focus on human and vehicle classification based on deep learning 24/7 colorful imaging

High quality imaging with 2 MP resolution Efficient H.265+ compression technology Provide real-time security via built-in two-way audio Detect human body through passive infrared which is sensitive to body temperature (PIR)

Hikvision announced a brand-new addition to its DeepinView camera line: the Dedicated Subseries. This unprecedented new addition loads a batch of AI-powered deep learning algorithms into each unit, boasting stunning performance and cost-effective pricing. Enhanced AI capabilities Over the last few years, artificial intelligence (AI) has been applied in many ways in security markets. As technology advances, AI chipset performance has improved to enable massive computing power using various algorithms and contributing to multi-intelligence functionality and higher accuracy. The new Dedicated DeepinView Cameras are an example of these advances, incorporating several AI-powered deep learning algorithms in one unit. What’s more, these algorithms can be switched essentially putting 5 or 6 unique cameras in one housing. “Embedding switchable algorithms is a significant step for Hikvision to take in its AI product development. In a world of ever-changing technologies and functionalities, this approach creates great value for end users to try new technologies to ensure security, as well as to implement business intelligence and other applications,” says Frank Zhang, President of the International Product and Solution Center at Hikvision. “The benefits of our new offerings are numerous including reduced costs, improved efficiency, and speedy and effective incident response.” Switchable algorithms The Dedicated DeepinView cameras combine two product categories – the first is vehicle analysis where cameras combine automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) with vehicle attribute recognition. Attributes include the vehicle’s make, color, and direction of movement. Typical uses include installation at checkpoints of city streets and at entrances & exits of buildings or industrial parks.   Models in the second category boast six switchable deep learning algorithms in one camera housing, including facial recognition, face counting, hard hat detection, perimeter protection, queue management, and multiple-target-type detection (detecting multiple targets and multiple types of targets at once). Accordingly, users can simply enable an algorithm manually for dedicated use, then later switch the algorithm as needed. Here is one example: hard hat detection. This algorithm can be used on construction sites to ensure safety and compliance. Specially-equipped DeepinView cameras can precisely distinguish a worker on the site wearing a hard hat from those without, and automatically deliver alerts when the hard hat violation is detected. Another example: in a retail setting, a face-counting function can be enabled to precisely count customers entering and leaving the store. Repeat customers and store staff can be automatically excluded in the process, helping store managers count new customers with precision. Flexibility among algorithms enables users to also switch among: Perimeter protection – to monitor outdoor areas needing security and deliver accurate alarms upon intrusions. Facial recognition – to grant authorized access to restricted areas in various organizations, such as school laboratories, archive rooms, and hospital pharmacies. Queue management – to better understand customer wait times, optimize staff levels, and enhance customer experience.  HD clarity, day and night Equipped with Hikvision’s DarkFighter and LightFighter technologies, these cameras capture vivid and color images in extremely low-light environments or in scenes with strong backlighting where color and brightness balance is extremely difficult. Smooth Streaming mode further ensures a high-quality live feed. The Dedicated DeepinView Cameras are available in 2, 4, 8, and 12 MP resolutions for customers to choose from. More practical and deployable features Furthermore, metadata is supported to allow third-party platforms to receive data from Hikvision cameras for real-time video analysis or recorded into footage archives to enable rapid searching forensic evidence. Finally, these camera models also offer Vibration Detection for outdoor use, which detects and notifies users of vandalism. Find out more To find out more about the new Hikvision Dedicated DeepinView cameras, please visit https://www.hikvision.com/en/products/IP-Products/Network-Cameras/DeepinView-Series/

Has both fixed and PT lenses, allowing for simultaneous live monitoring of two areas with just one camera for multi-angle coverage Both lenses offer AI human & pet detection, which significantly reduce the occurrence of false alarms The PT lens can identify moving targets and track them automatically When the camera detects an intruder, it will trigger sound and light alerts and send notifications to the mobile client Commonly used in small-scale scenarios as stores and restaurants Clear images with sharp details

Launched by Dahua Technology, WizMind is a portfolio of project-oriented products including IPC, IVSS, NVR, PTZ, XVR, Thermal, and software platforms powered by deep learning algorithms. Designed for customer needs, WizMind delivers precise, reliable, and comprehensive AI solutions across verticals. Series Overview The Triple-Sight Long Range Perimeter Protection Bullet WizMind Camera uses deep learning algorithms and multi-channel ultra-long-range detection to accurately classify humans and vehicles. With Micro-PTZ and illumination by area technology, it enables precise adjustment of monitoring range and lighting for improved image quality and detection. The camera is dustproof, waterproof, and vandal-proof with IP67 and IK10 certifications. Key Functions Long-Range Perimeter ProtectionDetects targets up to 100 meters using multi-channel fusion and illumination by area technology. Dahua’s perimeter protection reduces false alarms in restricted areas (e.g., pedestrian and vehicle zones) by accurately recognizing humans and vehicles. Illumination by AreaAllows independent lighting control in multiple image areas, improving adaptability, efficiency, and power savings. AI-ISPAdapts to different scenes, producing high-quality images with fine target details. Two-way TalkBuilt-in high-sensitivity microphone and high-power speaker enable two-way communication via mobile app. Cyber SecurityFeatures authentication, authorization, access control, encrypted transmission, and storage to strengthen protection against cyber threats and malicious programs. Protection IP67: Dustproof and water-resistant (operates after immersion in 1 m water for 30 minutes). IK10: Withstands impacts equivalent to five strikes from a 5 kg hammer dropped from 40 cm (20J). Wide Voltage: ±30% input tolerance (for some power supplies), suitable for outdoor environments with unstable voltage.

High quality imaging with 4 MP resolution Clear imaging against strong backlight due to 120 dB WDR technology Efficient H.265+ compression technology -U: Built-in microphone for real-time audio security Water and dust resistant (IP67) Focus on human and vehicle targets classification based on deep learning

1/1.7” Progressive Scan CMOS Max. 4000 × 3000 @20fps Up to 18 live view display modes Digital WDR Up to 15m IR range Built-in microphone and speaker 1 Audio input (line in, 3.5 mm), 1 audio output (line out, 3.5 mm) 1-ch alarm input, max. 12 V; 1-ch alarm output, max 24 VDC, 1 A Smart features - a) 6 behaviour analyses, and 3 exception detections; b) Heat map with deep learning algorithm; c) Intersection analysis by deep learning

Up to 8 megapixel high resolution Max. 3840 × 2160 @20fps 2.8 mm/4 mm/6 mm fixed lens, optional H.265, H.265+, H.264+, H.264 120dB WDR Powered by Darkfighter

6 behaviour analyses, 3 exception detections, face detection Smart recording: Support edge recording and dual-VCA Smart encoding: Support low bit rate, low latency, ROI enhance encoding H.265, H.265+, H.264, H.264+

Hikvision’s SMART IP camera ranges are being boosted with four newly added 6 megapixel Ultra HD camera series that provides a total resolution of 3072 x 2048 at full frame rate to deliver spectacular images. With this immense of view, one 6MP camera covers the area of several conventional cameras. Like the DS-2CD4065F-(A) SMART IP box camera that launched last year, all four of the new models feature industry-leading specifications and are powered by Hikvision’s signature SMART technologies. These include SMART Codec, SMART Focus, SMART IR, SMART Facial Recognition, SMART Line Crossing Detection, SMART Voice Recognition and SMART License Plate recognition, which helps to deliver a unique smart experience of unparalleled image quality and customer convenience. Full frame rate in real-time Unlike the majority of Full HD cameras that can only transmit a 2 megapixel image (1920 x 1080) at their full frame rate, all the Hikvision 6MP SMART IP cameras are capable of transmitting a full 3072 x 2048 6 megapixel image, even at full frame rate. This capability will be especially suited to applications requiring highly detailed surveillance, capturing the fine detail of license plates, clothing and faces to help law enforcement or monitoring cash handling areas, for instance. The 6MP resolution combined with user-defined ROIs and SMART detection technologies also means a single camera from this new family could monitor an entire area that would previously have required a raft of low resolution units. At the same time, the ultra-low light capability and Smart IR built into the new range adjusts IR strength to maximise image quality in less than ideal lighting conditions. Finally, all four cameras are capable of streaming three simultaneous and independent HD video streams. Smart solution 2.0 The 6MP IP cameras deliver a complete Smart Solution when combined with Hikvision Smart NVR and comprehensive video management software. With front-end cameras providing Smart Detection, backend device for Smart Playback/backup and video management software for Smart management, Hikvision Smart range well combines intelligence, efficiency, and ease-of-use into modern video surveillance, and provides maximum security efficiency for operation and post-event investigation etc. Expanding customer choice “As the global CCTV market continues to move towards HD as the de facto standard, Hikvision is leading the way towards an HD+ future with the 6MP SMART IP family,” says Keen Yao, International Marketing Director at Hikvision. “Their enhanced imaging capabilities demonstrate the cutting-edge that our investment in R&D brings to customers worldwide.” About the models: The DS-2CD4A65F-IZ (H) SMART IP Outdoor Bullet camera’s key features include a motorised VF lens with SMART focus combined with an IR range of up to 50 metres. The DS-2CD4565F-IZ (H) SMART IP Outdoor Dome camera is a cousin to the DS-2CD4165F-IZ, featuring all the industry leading specifications of the DS-2CD4165F-IZ while being adapted for use in outdoor environments.

Hikvision DS-2CD864F-E(W) is a 1.3MP box IP camera HD720p real-time video output. It features 120dB wide dynamic range, 3D DNR, super low light as well as Wi-Fi (802.11g/b/N). It also features user authentication and watermark for security. The camera supports system compatibility with ONVIF, PSIA, and CGI.

High quality imaging with 6 MP resolution Built-in microphone for real-time audio security Efficient H.265+ compression technology Clear imaging against strong back light due to 105 dB WDR technology Smart features 6 behavior analyses, and 1 exception detections Up to 15 m IR range

Up to 4 megapixel (2688x1520) high resolution Full HD1080p video Dual stream 120dB Wide Dynamic Range Pan & tilt rotation Support on-board storage, up to 128GB DC12V & PoE Support H.264+ Up to 10m IR range -S: Audio/Alarm IO -W: Built-in Wi-Fi

4096 × 2160 @22fps frame rate Slow shutter DWDR 3D DNR Up to 50m IR range Motorised lens with Smart Focus -H: built-in heater -S: audio/alarm IO Support 128G on-board storage AC24V/PoE IP66

High quality imaging with 4 MP resolution Excellent low-light performance via DarkFighter technology Clear imaging against strong back light due to 140 WDR technology Efficient H.265+ compression technology to save bandwidth and storage 5 streams to meet a wide variety of applications Water and dust resistant (IP66) and vandal proof (IK10)

 H. 265&H.264 dual-stream encoding 15fps@8MP(3840×2160) WDR(120dB), Day/Night(ICR), 3DNR, AWB, AGC, BLC Multiple network monitoring: Web viewer, CMS(DSS/PSS) & DMSS Micro SD card slot, up to 128GB 2.8mm fixed lens Max. IR LEDs Length 20m

AI series products adopt the most advanced AI technologies, including deep learning algorithms that primarily target people and vehicles, which provides higher flexibility and accuracy for end-users. This enables the Dahua AI series to offer various advanced applications such as Face Recognition, Metadata, traffic data statistics, etc. The complete lineup of Dahua AI includes network (PTZ) cameras, network video recorders, servers, and more devices. Beyond seeing the world, the power of AI allows devices to perceive the environment and understand the world in a better way. System Overview Dahua PTZ AI network camera adopts advanced CNN deep learning algorithms to support face recognition with high accuracy. The Dual 4MP Starlight Smart Capture Camera consists of panoramic camera and PTZ camera. Panoramic camera captures panoramas, and then PTZ camera takes detailed snapshots of objects and keeps tracking objects after rule violations occur. This camera possess wide monitor range and PFA algorithm that can always present a clear, focused image while zooming. Functions Dual PTZ systemPanoramic camera and Detail camera of the dual PTZ system can be adjusted horizontally and vertically. Face RecognitionOnce facial features are extracted from captured faces, they are stored in a database where they can be easily searched and compared against other images. Once a successful match is found, the system outputs the result. The Dahua Face Recognition camera supports a built-in database that stores up to 10,000 facial images, helping the camera achieve realtime face capture and comparison. Starlight TechnologyFor challenging low-light applications, Dahua's Starlight Ultra-low Light Technology offers best-in-class light sensitivity, capturing color details in low light down to 0.001 lux. The camera uses a set of optical features to balance light throughout the scene, resulting in clear images in dark environments. PFA TechnologyPFA technology has innovatively introduced new methods of judgment to ensure the accuracy and predictability of the direction of subject distance adjustment. The result is a set of advanced focusing algorithms. PFA ensures clarity of the image throughout the process of zooming and shortens focus time. The realization of PFA technology substantially improves user experience and increases product value. MetadataMetadata is feature attribute information extracted from a target object which can be used for data retrieval. There are four kinds of metadata supported by Dahua PTZ AI camera: human face, human body, motor vehicle and non-motor vehicle metadata. Facial information includes gender, age, glasses, masks, beards, etc. Human body information includes hat, top, top color, bottom, bottom color, bag, etc. Motor vehicle information includes plate color, type, vehicle color, sunshield, ornament, calling, seatbelt, smoking, annual inspection sticker, etc. Non-motor vehicle information includes type, color, top type, top color, people number, etc. Smart trackingHuman, motor vehicle, and non-motor vehicle, or their combinations can be set as objects. Once the objects selected trigger detection rules (like tripwire and intrusion), the detail camera will track them automatically. Perimeter ProtectionAutomatically filtering out false alarms caused by animals, rustling leaves, bright lights, etc. Enables system to act secondary recognition for the targets. Improving alarm accuracy. InteroperabilityThe camera conforms to the ONVIF (Open Network Video Interface Forum) specifications, ensuring interoperability between network video products regardless of manufacturer.

High quality imaging with 4 MP resolution 25 × optical zoom captures details in remote area Clear imaging against strong back light due to 140 dB WDR technology Efficient H.265+ compression technology to save bandwidth and storage Built-in heater on the front viewing window to ensure clear image under snowy weather Built-in gyroscope to ensure stable image output Water and dust resistant (IP67) and vandal proof (IK10)

High quality imaging with 2 MP resolution Motorized varifocal lens for easy installation and monitoring Efficient H.265+ compression technology Clear imaging against strong backlight due to 120 dB true WDR technology Focus on human and vehicle targets classification based on deep learning Audio and alarm interface available Water and dust resistant (IP67) and vandal-resistant (IK10) Junction box included in the package

High quality imaging with 8 MP resolution Motorized varifocal lens for easy installation and monitoring Excellent low-light performance via powered-by-DarkFighter technology Efficient H.265+ compression technology Clear imaging against strong back light due to 120 dB true WDR technology Focus on human and vehicle targets classification based on deep learning Audio and alarm interface available Water and dust resistant (IP66) and vandal proof (IK10)

High quality imaging with 4 MP resolution Standalone with solar panel and built-in battery 24/7 colorful imaging Support Human Detection Efficient H.265+ compression technology Provide real-time security via built-in two-way audio Water and dust resistant (IP67) Stability against category 12 typhoon Support 4G (LTE-TDD/LTE-FDD/TD-SCDMA) communication

Hikvision DS-2CD4A25FWD-IZHS is a 2 megapixel IP outdoor bullet camera with intrusion detection, line crossing detection, object left/removal, area entering/leaving, scene change detection, and audio surge detection. It supports ONVIF (profile S/profile G), CGI, PSIA, ISAPI protocol and smart heater for starting in extra low temperature.

1/2.5" Progressive Scan CMOS 2688 × 1520 @30 fps  2.8, 4, 6, 8, 12 mm fixed lens H.265+, H.265, H.264+, H.264  4 Behavior analyses 120dB WDR Powered by Darkfighter IR range: 50 m, 80 m, optional

High quality imaging with 2 MP resolution Efficient H.265+ compression technology Provide real-time security via built-in two-way audio Detect human body through passive infrared which is sensitive to body temperature (PIR)